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Energy and Environment Directorate

Trevor Hardy

Trevor Hardy

(509) 372-4712

Biography

Trevor Hardy is a Research Engineer for Pacific Northwest National Laboratory where his core research areas are co-simulation tool develop and analysis along with transactive energy simulation and analysis. Prior to starting at the PNNL he completed his PhD at Wichita State University in 2014 looking at economics of energy storage, did embedded system design for Cessna Aircraft Company, and was a semiconductor product engineer for Micron Technologies. He completed his bachelor's degree 2001 at LeTourneau University

Since joining PNNL Trevor has been involved in a variety of research projects:

  • Co-simulation - Leading the multi-lab development project for DOE's co-simulation platform, HELICS. HELICS is the foundational tool behind such projects as the North American Energy Resilience Model (NAERM) and the Transactive Systems Program's DSO+T project. Trevor is also leading the improvements to HELICS usability including the development of a web interface for HELICS co-simulations with an IDE-like ability to pause co-simulation, step through them in time, and examine data being exchanged between simulators. He has also been involved in large-scale co-simulation efforts such as PNNL's Control of Complex System Initiative where an interconnect-scale simulation of 11 million homes across 100,000 distribution systems was conducted to evaluate a real-time transactive energy mechanism for peak-load reduction.
  • Transactive Energy - Leading the development of the Transactive Energy Simulation Platform, a foundational software suite that enables users to more easily tie together the multi-domain models (transmission, generation, distribution, communication, load) to simulate and analyze a variety of transactive mechanisms. Trevor is also working on a related project to developing a software tool to help design and validate the analysis plan for a transactive system evaluation and also guiding the fundamental economic work behind a transactive power rationing mechanism. Lastly he has been heavily involved in the DSO+T project that performed analysis on a day-ahead and real-time transactive system implemented in an ERCOT-scale power system to show the value potential of transactive systems.

PNNL Patents

PNNL Publications

2024

  • Hardy T.D., B. Palmintier, P. Top, D. Krishnamurthy, and J.C. Fuller. 2024. "A Co-Simulation Framework for Scalable Multi-Domain Modeling and Analysis." IEEE Access 12, no. 2024:24325 - 24347. PNNL-SA-191859. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3363615
  • Kerby J.R., T.D. Hardy, J.B. Twitchell, R.S. O'Neil, and B.W. Tarekegne. 2024. "A Targeted Approach to Energy Burden Reduction Measures: Comparing the Effects of Energy Storage, Rooftop Solar, Weatherization, and Energy Efficiency Upgrades." Energy Policy 184. PNNL-SA-187892. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113867
  • Palensky P.P., P.P. Mancarella, T.D. Hardy, and M.M. Cvetkovic. 2024. "Co-Simulating Integrated Energy Systems with Heterogeneous Digital Twins: Matching a Connected World." IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 22, no. 1:52-60. PNNL-SA-191441. doi:10.1109/MPE.2023.3324886

2023

  • Hanif S., M. Mukherjee, S. Poudel, R. Jinsiwale, M. Yu, T.D. Hardy, and H.M. Reeve. 2023. "Analyzing At-Scale Distribution Grid Response to Extreme Temperatures." Applied Energy 337. PNNL-SA-179783. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120886
  • Mukherjee M., M. Maharjan, and T.D. Hardy. 2023. "Transactive Emergency Power Allocation." In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2023), July 16-20, 2023, Orlando, FL, 1-5. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-179853. doi:10.1109/PESGM52003.2023.10252732
  • Mukherjee M., T.E. McDermott, T.D. Hardy, A. Somani, S.R. Bender, and M.L. Moore. 2023. "Transactive Energy Rationing in Islanded Electric Power Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 59, no. 1:312 - 322. PNNL-SA-172220. doi:10.1109/TIA.2022.3210080
  • Narayanan A., and T.D. Hardy. 2023. "Synthetic data generation for machine learning model training for energy theft scenarios using cosimulation." IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution 17, no. 5:1035-1046. PNNL-SA-168747. doi:10.1049/gtd2.12619

2022

  • Ganguli S., A. Somani, and T.D. Hardy. 2022. "Allocation Mechanisms in Rationed Markets." In 2020 IEEE PES Transactive Energy Systems Conference (TESC), 1 - 5. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-156081. doi:10.1109/TESC50295.2020.9656939
  • Goodman C.D., L.E. Hinkle, T.D. Hardy, and H.M. Reeve. 2022. Building Model Calibration: Validation of GridLAB-D Thermal Dynamics Modeling. PNNL-33528. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Building Model Calibration: Validation of GridLAB-D Thermal Dynamics Modeling
  • Hanif S., S.R. Bender, J.C. Bedoya Ceballos, H.M. Reeve, T.D. Hardy, and M. Mukherjee. 2022. Valuing Demand Flexibility During a Grid Disturbance: A Granular Approach to Resilience Valuation. PNNL-33547. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Valuing Demand Flexibility During a Grid Disturbance: A Granular Approach to Resilience Valuation
  • Hardy T.D., L.D. Marinovici, J.P. Ogle, and F.C. Rutz. 2022. Communication System Modeling in Transactive Systems. PNNL-33535. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Communication System Modeling in Transactive Systems
  • Mukherjee M., T.D. Hardy, J.C. Fuller, and A. Bose. 2022. "Implementing multi-settlement decentralized electricity market design for transactive communities with imperfect communication." Applied Energy 306, no. Part A:Article No. 117979. PNNL-SA-160753. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117979
  • Reeve H.M., S.E. Widergren, R.G. Pratt, L.E. Hinkle, S. Hanif, S.R. Bender, and T.D. Hardy, et al. 2022. DSO+T: Expanded Study Results DSO+T Study: Volume 5. PNNL-32170-5. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. DSO+T: Expanded Study Results DSO+T Study: Volume 5
  • Reeve H.M., S.E. Widergren, R.G. Pratt, T.D. Hardy, S.R. Bender, S. Hanif, and M.A. Pelton, et al. 2022. "Large-Scale Simulation of Regional Demand Flexibility Implementation and Customer Economic Impact." In 2022 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, August 21-26, 2022, Pacific Grove, CA, 12-320- 12-335. Washington, District Of Columbia:American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. PNNL-SA-171206.
  • Roth C.G., and T.D. Hardy. 2022. "Evaluating Synthetic Smart Meter Locations For Communication System Modeling." In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2022), July 17-21, 2022, Denver, CO, 1-5. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-168170. doi:10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9916868

2021

  • Hanif S., L.D. Marinovici, M.A. Pelton, T.D. Hardy, and T.E. McDermott. 2021. "Simplified Transactive Distribution Grids for Bulk Power System Mechanism Development." In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2021), July 26-29, 2021, Washington DC, 01-05. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-157614. doi:10.1109/PESGM46819.2021.9638030
  • McDermott T.E., T.D. Hardy, A. Somani, S.R. Bender, and M.L. Madison. 2021. "Transactive Energy Rationing in an Islanded Electric Power System." In IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech 2021), April 7-9, 2021, Denver, CO, 323 - 330. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-158444. doi:10.1109/GreenTech48523.2021.00059
  • Mukherjee M., T.D. Hardy, J.C. Fuller, and A. Bose. 2021. "Transactive Implementation of Decentralized Electricity Market for Grid-Edge Systems." In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2021), July 26-29, 2021, Washington DC, 1 - 5. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-157697. doi:10.1109/pesgm46819.2021.9638098
  • Thekkumparambath Mana P., K.P. Schneider, W. Du, M. Mukherjee, T.D. Hardy, and F.K. Tuffner. 2021. "Study of microgrid resilience through co-simulation of power system dynamics and communication systems." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 17, no. 3:1905-1915. PNNL-SA-139325. doi:10.1109/TII.2020.2989107

2020

  • Mukherjee M., L.D. Marinovici, T.D. Hardy, and J. Hansen. 2020. "Framework for Large-scale Implementation of Wholesale-Retail Transactive Control Mechanism." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 115. PNNL-SA-141169. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105464
  • Newman S.F., K. Shiozawa, J.D. Follum, E.L. Barrett, T.C. Douville, T.D. Hardy, and A.E. Solana. 2020. "A Comparison of PV Resource Modeling for Sizing Microgrid Components." Renewable Energy 162. PNNL-SA-152891. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.074

2019

  • Bender S.R., J.M. Niemeyer, M.R. Weimar, and T.D. Hardy. 2019. "Considerations for Commercial Building Participation in a Transactive Energy System." In IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT 2019), February 18-21, 2019, Washington DC. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-137666. doi:10.1109/ISGT.2019.8791602
  • Hansen J., T.D. Hardy, and L.D. Marinovici. 2019. "Transactive Energy: Stabilizing Oscillations in Integrated Wholesale-Retail Energy Markets." In 2019 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 1 - 5. Washington, District Of Columbia:IEEE. PNNL-SA-138094. doi:10.1109/ISGT.2019.8791658
  • Huang Q., T.E. McDermott, Y. Tang, A. Makhmalbaf, D.J. Hammerstrom, A.R. Fisher, and L.D. Marinovici, et al. 2019. "Simulation-Based Valuation of Transactive Energy Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 34, no. 5:4138 - 4147. PNNL-SA-128912. doi:10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2838111
  • Huang Q., T.E. McDermott, Y. Tang, A. Makhmalbaf, D.J. Hammerstrom, A.R. Fisher, and L.D. Marinovici, et al. 2019. "Simulation-Based Valuation of Transactive Energy Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 34, no. 5:4138-4147. PNNL-SA-136862. doi:10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2838111
  • Marinovici L.D., T.D. Hardy, and J. Hansen. 2019. "Hierarchical Architecture for Transactive Wholesale-Retail Market Integration." In Proceedings of the IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2019), August 4-8, 2019, Atlanta, GA. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-138624. doi:10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973587

2018

  • Balducci P.J., M.E. Alam, T.D. Hardy, and D. Wu. 2018. "Assigning Value to Energy Storage Systems at Multiple Points in an Electrical Grid." Energy and Environmental Science 11, no. 8:1926-1944. PNNL-SA-130624. doi:10.1039/C8EE00569A
  • Huang Q., R. Huang, R. Fan, J.C. Fuller, T.D. Hardy, Z. Huang, and V. Vittal. 2018. "A Comparative Study of Interface Techniques for Transmission and Distribution Dynamic Co-Simulation." In IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM 2018), August 3-10, 2018, Portland, OR. Piscataway, New Jersey:IEEE. PNNL-SA-130470. doi:10.1109/PESGM.2018.8586046

2017

  • Alam M.E., P.J. Balducci, V.V. Viswanathan, A.J. Crawford, D. Wu, T.D. Hardy, and K. Mongird. 2017. "CONTROLLING ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE WASHINGTON CLEAN ENERGY FUND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS." In Electrical Energy Storage Applications and Technologies (EESAT 2017), October 11-13, 2017, San Diego, CA. Albuquerque, New Mexico:Sandia National Laboratories. PNNL-SA-131851.
  • Miracle A.L., T.L. Anderson, D. Appriou, J.E. Cabe, K.A. Cort, J.P. Duncan, and T.D. Hardy, et al. 2017. An Environmental Approach for Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Floating Solar Array Renewable Energy Projects on Army Installations. PNNL-26149. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. An Environmental Approach for Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Floating Solar Array Renewable Energy Projects on Army Installations

2015

Energy and Environment

Core Research Areas

Contacts