Soowhan Kim
![Soowhan Kim](https://energyenvironment.pnnl.gov/staff_photos/staff_1902.jpg)
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
(509) 371-8810
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Research Interests
- Redox Flow Battery
- Polymer electrolyte fuel cell
- Transport phenomena and modeling in electrochemical system
Education and Credentials
- PhD, Mechanical Engineering at Penn State Univ.
- MA, Mechanical Engineering at Penn State Univ.
- MA, Metallurgical Engineering at Seoul National Univ. in Korea
- BA, Metallurgical Engineering at Seoul National Univ. in Korea
PNNL Patents
- U.S. Patent No. 9,819,039, November 14, 2017, "REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE".
- U.S. Patent No. 9,368,824, June 14, 2016, "Iron-Sulfide Redox Flow Batteries".
- U.S. Patent No. 9,123,931, September 1, 2015, "Redox Flow Batteries Based on Supporting Solutions Containing Chloride".
- U.S. Patent No. 9,077,011, July 7, 2015, " REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE ".
- U.S. Patent No. 8,771,856, July 8, 2014, "Fe-V Redox Flow Batteries".
- U.S. Patent No. 8,628,880, January 14, 2014, "REDOX FLOW BATTERIES BASED ON SUPPORTING SOLUTIONS CONTAINING CHLORIDE".
- U.S. Patent No. 8,609,270, December 17, 2013, "Iron-sulfide redox flow batteries ".
PNNL Publications
2024
- Chen Y., C. Zeng, Y. Fu, J. Bao, P. Gao, J.Q. Chen, and Z. Xu, et al. 2024. Evaluating large scale aqueous organic redox flow battery performance with a hybrid numerical and machine learning framework. PNNL-36650. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Evaluating large scale aqueous organic redox flow battery performance with a hybrid numerical and machine learning framework
- Kim S., J. Shon, and L. Yan. 2024. Screening aqueous organic redox couples for spontaneous hydrogen generation on catalysts. PNNL-36957. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Screening aqueous organic redox couples for spontaneous hydrogen generation on catalysts
2023
- Chen Y., J. Bao, Z. Xu, P. Gao, L. Yan, S. Kim, and W. Wang. 2023. "A hybrid analytical and numerical model for cross-over and performance decay in a unit cell vanadium redox flow battery." Journal of Power Sources 578. PNNL-SA-181017. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233210
- Fu Y., J. Bao, C. Zeng, Y. Chen, Z. Xu, S. Kim, and W. Wang. 2023. "A Three-Dimensional Pore-scale Model for Redox Flow Battery Electrode Design Analysis." Journal of Power Sources 556. PNNL-SA-175492. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232329
- Kim S., L. Yan, and W. Wang. 2023. "Asymmetric vanadium-based aqueous flow batteries." In Flow Batteries: From Fundamentals to Applications, edited by C. Roth, J. Noack, and M. Skyllas-Kazacos. 689-708. PNNL-SA-181361. doi:10.1002/9783527832767
- Lim H., C. Venkata Subban, D. Nguyen, T.S. Nasoetion, T. Liu, K. Han, and B. Modachur Sivakumar, et al. 2023. Room Temperature Electrorefining of Rare Earth Metals from End-of-use Nd-Fe-B Magnets. PNNL-34948. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Room Temperature Electrorefining of Rare Earth Metals from End-of-use Nd-Fe-B Magnets
2022
- Zeng C., S. Kim, Y. Chen, Y. Fu, J. Bao, Z. Xu, and W. Wang. 2022. "Characterization of electrochemical behavior for aqueous organic redox flow batteries." Journal of Electrochemical Society 169, no. 12:Art. No. 120527. PNNL-SA-178207. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acadad
2021
- Chen Y., J. Bao, Z. Xu, P. Gao, L. Yan, S. Kim, and W. Wang. 2021. "A two-dimensional analytical unit cell model for redox flow battery evaluation and optimization." Journal of Power Sources 506. PNNL-SA-159241. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230192
- Shao Y., S. Kim, L. Yan, R.F. Zheng, W. Du, Y. Liu, and R. Huang, et al. 2021. Long-duration Energy Storage Technology Analysis and Development. PNNL-32513. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Long-duration Energy Storage Technology Analysis and Development
2014
- Viswanathan V.V., A.J. Crawford, D.E. Stephenson, S. Kim, W. Wang, B. Li, and G.W. Coffey, et al. 2014. "Cost and Performance Model for Redox Flow Batteries." Journal of Power Sources 247. PNNL-SA-91534. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.12.023
2013
- Chen D., S. Kim, V.L. Sprenkle, and M.A. Hickner. 2013. "Composite blend polymer membranes with increased proton selectivity and lifetime for vanadium redox flow batteries." Journal of Power Sources 231. PNNL-SA-89825. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.007
- Kim S., E.C. Thomsen, G. Xia, Z. Nie, J. Bao, K.P. Recknagle, and W. Wang, et al. 2013. "1 kW / 1kWh Advanced Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Utilizing Mixed Acid Electrolytes." Journal of Power Sources 237. PNNL-SA-92689. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.02.045
2012
- Fujimoto C.H., S. Kim, R. Stains, X. Wei, L. Li, and Z. Yang. 2012. "Vanadium redox flow battery efficiency and durability studies of sulfonated Diels Alder poly(phenylene)s." Electrochemistry Communications 20. PNNL-SA-86351. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2012.03.037
- Stephenson D.E., S. Kim, F. Chen, E.C. Thomsen, V.V. Viswanathan, W. Wang, and V.L. Sprenkle. 2012. "Electrochemical Model of the Fe/V Redox Flow Battery." Journal of the Electrochemical Society 159, no. 12:A1993-A2000. PNNL-SA-88363. doi:10.1149/2.052212jes
- Vijayakumar M., B. Schwenzer, S. Kim, Z. Yang, S. Thevuthasan, J. Liu, and G.L. Graff, et al. 2012. "Investigation of Local Environments in Nafion-SiO2 Composite Membranes used in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries." Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 42. PNNL-SA-80357. doi:10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.11.005
2011
- Kim S., T.B. Tighe, B. Schwenzer, J. Yan, J. Zhang, J. Liu, and Z. Yang, et al. 2011. "Chemical and Mechanical Degradation of Sulfonated Poly(sulfone) Membranes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 41, no. 10:1201-1213. PNNL-SA-76985. doi:10.1007/s10800-011-0313-0
- Li L., S. Kim, W. Wang, M. Vijayakumar, Z. Nie, B. Chen, and J. Zhang, et al. 2011. "A Stable Vanadium Redox-Flow Battery with High Energy Density for Large-scale Energy Storage." Advanced Energy Materials 1, no. 3:394-400. PNNL-SA-75871.
- Schwenzer B., J. Zhang, S. Kim, L. Li, J. Liu, and Z. Yang. 2011. "Membrane Development for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries." ChemSusChem 4, no. 10:1388 - 1406. PNNL-SA-77561. doi:10.1002/cssc.201100068
- Schwenzer B., S. Kim, M. Vijayakumar, Z. Yang, and J. Liu. 2011. "Correlation of Structural Differences between Nafion/Polyaniline and Nafion/Polypyrrole Composite Membranes and Observed Transport Properties." Journal of Membrane Science 372, no. 1-2:11-19. PNNL-SA-76269. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.01.025
- Vijayakumar M., B.M. Sivakumar, P. Nachimuthu, B. Schwenzer, S. Kim, Z. Yang, and J. Liu, et al. 2011. "Spectroscopic Investigations of the Fouling Process on Nafion Membranes in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries." Journal of Membrane Science 366, no. 1-2:325-334. PNNL-SA-73754. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2010.10.018
- Wang W., S. Kim, B. Chen, Z. Nie, J. Zhang, G. Xia, and L. Li, et al. 2011. "A New Redox Flow Battery Using Fe/V Redox Couples in Chloride Supporting Electrolyte." Energy & Environmental Science 4, no. 10:4068-4073. PNNL-SA-76658. doi:10.1039/C0EE00765J
- Zhang J., L. Li, Z. Nie, B. Chen, M. Vijayakumar, S. Kim, and W. Wang, et al. 2011. "Effects of additives on the stability of electrolytes for all-vanadium redox flow batteries." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 41, no. 10 - Special Issue S1:1215-1221. PNNL-SA-76986. doi:10.1007/s10800-011-0312-1
2010
- Kim S., J. Yan, B. Schwenzer, J. Zhang, L. Li, J. Liu, and Z. Yang, et al. 2010. "Cycling performance and efficiency of sulfonated poly(sulfone) membranes in vanadium redox flow batteries." Electrochemistry Communications 12, no. 11:1650-1653. PNNL-SA-74853. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2010.09.018