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Energy and Environment Directorate

Samuel Bryan

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
(509) 375-5648

PNNL Publications

2024

  • Felmy H.M., R.M. Cox, A.F. Espley, E.L. Campbell, B.R. Kersten, H.E. Lackey, and S.D. Branch, et al. 2024. "Quantification of hydrogen isotopes utilizing Raman spectroscopy paired with chemometric analysis for application across multiple systems." Analytical Chemistry 96, no. 18:7220 - 7230. PNNL-SA-194339. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00802
  • Riley B.J., C.L. Beck, J.S. Evarts, S. Chong, A.M. Lines, H.M. Felmy, and J. Mcfarlane, et al. 2024. "Analytical capabilities for iodine detection: Review of possibilities for different applications." AIP Advances 14, no. 8:Art. No. 080701. PNNL-SA-195189. doi:10.1063/5.0208591

2023

  • Branch S.D., H.M. Felmy, A. Schafer Medina, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2023. "Exploring the complex chemistry of Uranium within molten chloride salts." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 62, no. 37:14901-14909. PNNL-SA-181742. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.3c02005
  • Lackey H.E., R.L. Sell, G.L. Nelson, T.A. Bryan, A.M. Lines, and S.A. Bryan. 2023. "Practical Guide to Chemometric Analysis of Optical Spectroscopic Data." Journal of Chemical Education 100, no. 7:2608-2626. PNNL-SA-178491. doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.2c01112

2022

  • Felmy H.M., H.E. Lackey, A. Schafer Medina, M.J. Minette, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2022. "Leveraging multiple Raman excitation wavelength systems for process monitoring of nuclear waste streams." ACS ES&T Water 2, no. 3:465-473. PNNL-SA-166535. doi:10.1021/acsestwater.1c00408
  • Lines A.M., J.M. Bello, C. Gasbarro, and S.A. Bryan. 2022. "Combined Raman and Turbidity Probe for Real-Time analysis of Variable Turbidity Streams." Analytical Chemistry 94, no. 8:3652-3660. PNNL-SA-164902. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05228
  • Mattio E., A. Caleyron, M. Miguirditchian, A.M. Lines, S.A. Bryan, H.E. Lackey, and I. Rodriguez-Ruiz, et al. 2022. "Microfluidic in-situ spectrophometric approaches to tackle actinides analysis in multiple oxidation states." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 5:580-589. PNNL-SA-164597. doi:10.1177/00037028211063916
  • Morrison S.S., L.R. Hubbard, C.J. Allen, M.K. Murphy, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2022. Gamma Driven Catalysis of Ammonia. PNNL-33653. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Gamma Driven Catalysis of Ammonia
  • Schafer Medina A., H.M. Felmy, M.E. Vitale-Sullivan, H.E. Lackey, S.D. Branch, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2022. "Iodine and carbonate species monitoring in Molten NaOH-KOH Eutectic Scrubber via Dual-phase in situ Raman Spectroscopy." ACS Omega 7, no. 44:40456-40465. PNNL-SA-171166. doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c05522
  • Tse P., J.C. Shafer, S.A. Bryan, G.L. Nelson, and A.M. Lines. 2022. "Measuring Nd(III) Solution Concentration in the Presence of Interfering Er(III) and Cu(II) Ions: A Partial Least Squares Analysis of Ultraviolet-Visible Spectra." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 2:173- 183. PNNL-SA-160222. doi:10.1177/00037028211053852
  • Tse P., N. Bessen, S.S. Galley, S.A. Bryan, A.M. Lines, and J.C. Shafer. 2022. "Electrochemical Oxidation and Speciation of Lanthanides in Potassium Carbonate Solution." Journal of the Electrochemical Society 169, no. 4:Art. No. 46521. PNNL-SA-170403. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ac6704

2021

  • Andrews H., J. Mcfarlane, S. Chapel, D.D. Bull Ezell, D.E. Holcomb, D. de Wet, and M.S. Greenwood, et al. 2021. "Review of Molten Salt Reactor Off-Gas Management Considerations." Nuclear Engineering and Design 385. PNNL-SA-161213. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2021.111529
  • Bryan S.A., M.J. Minette, H.M. Felmy, A. Schafer Medina, K.M. Denslow, M.S. Fountain, and A.M. Lines, et al. 2021. "Advancements of On-Line Monitoring and Real-Time Characterization of Actual Low-Level Hanford Tank-Waste Samples." In Proceedings of the 47th Annual Waste Management Conference (WM 2021), March 8-12, 2021, Phoenix, AZ. Tempe, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-157321.
  • Clifford A.J., H.E. Lackey, G. Nelson, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2021. "Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometric Analysis for Speciation and Quantitative Analysis of Aqueous Phosphoric Acid Systems." Analytical Chemistry 93, no. 14:5890-5896. PNNL-SA-159089. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00244
  • Felmy H.M., A.J. Clifford, A. Schafer Medina, R.M. Cox, J.M. Wilson, A.M. Lines, and S.A. Bryan. 2021. "On-Line Monitoring of Gas-Phase Molecular Iodine using Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Paired with Chemometric Analysis." Environmental Science & Technology 55, no. 6:3898-3908. PNNL-SA-152725. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06137
  • Lackey H.E., H.A. Colburn, M.V. Olarte, T.L. Lemmon, H.M. Felmy, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2021. "On-line Raman measurement of radiation-enhanced reaction of cellobiose with hydrogen peroxide." ACS Omega 6. PNNL-SA-165646. doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c04852
  • Lines A.M., H.M. Felmy, S.A. Bryan, and M.J. Minette. 2021. Raman Spectroscopy Based On-Line, Real-Time Monitoring to Reduce Composition Uncertainties: Enhanced sensitivity through optimization of Raman Parameters. PNNL-31681. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Raman Spectroscopy Based On-Line, Real-Time Monitoring to Reduce Composition Uncertainties: Enhanced sensitivity through optimization of Raman Parameters
  • Tse P., J.C. Shafer, S.A. Bryan, and A.M. Lines. 2021. "Quantification of Raman-Interfering Polyoxoanions for Process Analysis: Comparison of Different Chemometric Models and a Demonstration on Real Hanford Waste." Environmental Science & Technology 55, no. 19:12943-12950. PNNL-SA-158430. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c02512

2020

  • Bryan S.A., A.M. Lines, G.L. Nelson, A.J. Casella, S.E. Asmussen, H.B. Bryan, and J.M. Bello. 2020. "REAL-TIME SOLUTION ANALYSIS IN MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES USING OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY." In International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conference and TOP FUEL 2019 - Light Water Reactor Fuel Performance Conference (Global 2019), September 22-27, 2019, Seattle, WA, 682-686. La Grange Park, Illinois:American Nuclear Society. PNNL-SA-145208.
  • Chatterjee S., J.M. Peterson, A.J. Casella, T.G. Levitskaia, and S.A. Bryan. 2020. "Mechanisms of Plutonium Redox Reactions in Nitric Acid Solutions." Inorganic Chemistry 59, no. 10:6826-6838. PNNL-SA-150491. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00199
  • Colburn H.A., H.E. Lackey, M.V. Olarte, H.M. Felmy, A.M. Lines, and S.A. Bryan. 2020. Radiation-Induced Catalysis of Chemical Reactions. PNNL-30788. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Radiation-Induced Catalysis of Chemical Reactions
  • Hughey K.D., A.M. Bradley, H.M. Felmy, A.J. Clifford, R.M. Cox, A.M. Lines, and S.A. Bryan, et al. 2020. "Quantitative far-infrared band strengths of iodine monochloride (ICl), a molten salt off-gas product." In Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing XXI; SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing. Proceedings of the SPIE, edited by Guicheteau, J.A. and C.R. Howle, 11416, Paper No. 114160Q. Bellingham, Washington:SPIE. PNNL-SA-152471. doi:10.1117/12.2557555
  • Hughey K.D., A.M. Bradley, R.G. Tonkyn, H.M. Felmy, T.A. Blake, S.A. Bryan, and T.J. Johnson, et al. 2020. "Absolute Band Intensity of the Iodine Monochloride Fundamental Mode for Infrared Sensing and Quantitative Analysis." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 124, no. 46:9578-9588. PNNL-SA-154340. doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07353
  • Koemm K.A., M. DeBord, B.D. Wright, P.O. Wagers, M.J. Panzner, M.L. Stromyer, and W.J. Youngs, et al. 2020. "Effects on Human Non-Small Lung Cancer Cell growth of Cu(II), Au(III) and Re(I) Complexes Containing N-donor Pyridyl Ligands: A Senior Undergraduate Research Project." The Chemical Educator 25. PNNL-SA-154132.
  • Lackey H.E., G.L. Nelson, A.M. Lines, and S.A. Bryan. 2020. "Reimagining pH Measurement: Utilizing Raman Spectroscopy for Enhanced Accuracy with Phosphoric Acid Systems." Analytical Chemistry 92, no. 8:5882-5889. PNNL-SA-149421. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05708
  • Lines A.M., G.B. Hall, S.E. Asmussen, J.R. Allred, S.I. Sinkov, F.D. Heller, and N.B. Gallagher, et al. 2020. "Sensor fusion: comprehensive real-time, on-line monitoring for process control via visible, NIR, and Raman spectroscopy." ACS Sensors 5, no. 8:2467-2475. PNNL-SA-151230. doi:10.1021/acssensors.0c00659
  • Lines A.M., G.B. Hall, S.I. Sinkov, T.G. Levitskaia, N.B. Gallagher, G.J. Lumetta, and S.A. Bryan. 2020. "Overcoming oxidation state-dependent spectral interferences: Online monitoring of U(VI) reduction to U(IV) via Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 59, no. 19:8894-8901. PNNL-SA-148215. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06706
  • Lines A.M., S.A. Bryan, K.M. Denslow, M.S. Fountain, P. Tse, K.D. Boomer, and D.M. Stewart. 2020. "Application of On-Line Monitoring and Real-Time Characterization of Low Level Waste Samples from Hanford Tanks." In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Waste Management Conference (WM 2020), March 8-12, 2020, Phoenix, AZ. Tempe, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-148990.
  • Lines A.M., S.D. Branch, H.M. Felmy, J.M. Wilson, G.J. Lumetta, and S.A. Bryan. 2020. "On-line monitoring combined with spectroelectrochemistry for the characterization of uranium and fission products within molten salt environments." In International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conference and TOP FUEL 2019 - Light Water Reactor Fuel Performance Conference (Global 2019), September 22-27, 2019, Seattle, WA, 1104-1106. La Grange Park, Illinois:American Nuclear Society. PNNL-SA-144352.
  • Lumetta G.J., J.R. Allred, S.E. Asmussen, S.A. Bryan, G.B. Hall, F.D. Heller, and A.M. Lines, et al. 2020. "Progress in Real-time Monitoring for Controlling of the Composition of the Uranium-Plutonium Nitrate Product in a Tri-butyl Phosphate Based Flowsheet." In International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conference and TOP FUEL 2019 - Light Water Reactor Fuel Performance Conference (GLOBAL 2019), September 22-27, 2019,Seattle, WA, 993-998. La Grange Park, Illinois:American Nuclear Society. PNNL-SA-142791.
  • Nelson G., H.E. Lackey, J.M. Bello, H.M. Felmy, H.B. Bryan, F. Lamadie, and S.A. Bryan, et al. 2020. "Enabling microscale processing: combined Raman and absorbance spectroscopy for microfluidic on-line monitoring." Analytical Chemistry 93, no. 3:1643-1651. PNNL-SA-156894. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04225
  • Tse P., S.A. Bryan, N. Bessen, A.M. Lines, and J.C. Shafer. 2020. "Review of On-line and Near Real-Time Spectroscopic Monitoring of Processes Relevant to Nuclear Material Management." Analytica Chimica Acta 1107. PNNL-SA-148811. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.008

2019

  • Asmussen S.E., A.M. Lines, D.R. Bottenus, F.D. Heller, S.A. Bryan, C.H. Delegard, and C.A. Louie, et al. 2019. "In Situ Monitoring and Kinetic Analysis of the Extraction of Nitric Acid by Tributyl Phosphate in n-Dodecane using Raman Spectroscopy." Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 37, no. 2:157-172. PNNL-SA-128863. doi:10.1080/07366299.2019.1630071
  • Casella A.J., J.C. Carter, A.M. Lines, J.M. Bello, S.A. Bryan, R.A. Clark, and J.F. Corbey, et al. 2019. "In Stream Monitoring of Off-Gasses from Plutonium Fluorination." Actinide Research Quarterly Second Quarter 2019, no. 1:31-35. PNNL-SA-139619.
  • Colburn H.A., A.M. Rovira, S.R. Adami, D.M. Camaioni, S.A. Bryan, and P.P. Schonewill. 2019. Gas Generation Testing of Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange Media. PNNL-28842 Rev 1. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Gas Generation Testing of Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange Media
  • Colburn H.A., A.M. Rovira, S.R. Adami, D.M. Camaioni, S.A. Bryan, and P.P. Schonewill. 2019. Gas Generation Testing of Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange Media. PNNL-28842 Rev.0. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Gas Generation Testing of Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange Media
  • Lines A.M., P. Tse, H.M. Felmy, J.M. Wilson, J.C. Shafer, K.M. Denslow, and A.N. Still, et al. 2019. "Online, real-time analysis of highly complex processing streams: Quantification of analytes in Hanford tank sample." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 58, no. 47:21194-21200. PNNL-SA-143209. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03636
  • Lines A.M., S.D. Branch, H.M. Felmy, G.J. Lumetta, and S.A. Bryan. 2019. On-line optical spectroscopy to characterize chemistry of the Transuranic Elements in Molten Salts. PNNL-29029. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. On-line optical spectroscopy to characterize chemistry of the Transuranic Elements in Molten Salts
  • Lumetta G.J., J.R. Allred, S.A. Bryan, G.B. Hall, T.G. Levitskaia, A.M. Lines, and S.I. Sinkov. 2019. "Simulant Testing of a Co-Decontamination (CoDCon) Flowsheet for a Product with a Controlled Uranium-to-Plutonium Ratio." Separation Science and Technology 54, no. 12:1977-1984. PNNL-SA-138080. doi:10.1080/01496395.2019.1594899
  • Lumetta G.J., J.R. Allred, S.E. Asmussen, S.A. Bryan, J.C. Carter, G.B. Hall, and F.D. Heller, et al. 2019. CoDCon Project: FY 2019 Status Report. PNNL-28983. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. CoDCon Project: FY 2019 Status Report
  • Mcfarlane J., G.D. Delcul, D.D. Bull Ezell, K. Myhre, S.A. Bryan, H.M. Felmy, and A.M. Lines, et al. 2019. "Fission Product Measurement and Off-Gas Scrubbing for Molten Salt Reactors." Transactions of the American Nuclear Society 121, no. 1:707-708. PNNL-SA-149521. doi:10.13182/T30752
  • Nelson G.L., A.M. Lines, J.M. Bello, and S.A. Bryan. 2019. "Online monitoring of solutions within microfluidic chips: simultaneous Raman and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopies." ACS Sensors 4, no. 9:2288-2295. PNNL-SA-137145. doi:10.1021/acssensors.9b00736
  • Ryan J.V., B. Parruzot, A.M. Lines, S.A. Bryan, L.M. Seymour, J.F. Bonnett, and R.K. Motkuri. 2019. "In-situ Monitoring of Seeded and Unseeded Stage III Corrosion using Raman Spectroscopy." npj Materials Degradation 3. PNNL-SA-129711. doi:10.1038/s41529-019-0095-0

2018

  • Branch S.D., A.D. French, A.M. Lines, B.M. Rapko, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "In situ quantification of [Re(CO)3]+ by fluorescence spectroscopy in simulated Hanford tank waste." Environmental Science & Technology 52, no. 3:1357-1364. PNNL-SA-128552. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b04222
  • Branch S.D., A.D. French, A.M. Lines, C.Z. Soderquist, B.M. Rapko, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "In situ spectroscopic analysis and quantification of [Tc(CO)3]+ in Hanford tank waste." Environmental Science & Technology 52, no. 14:7796-7804. PNNL-SA-129388. doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05840
  • Lines A.M., G.L. Nelson, A.J. Casella, J.M. Bello, S.B. Clark, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "Multivariate Analysis To Quantify Species in the Presence of Direct Interferents: Micro-Raman Analysis of HNO3 in Microfluidic Devices." Analytical Chemistry 90, no. 4:2548-2554. PNNL-SA-126639. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03833
  • Lines A.M., J.D. Warner, W.R. Heineman, S.B. Clark, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Spectroscopically Hard-to-detect Metals by in situ Formation of a Luminescent Complex Using Ru(II) as a Model Compound." Electroanalysis 30, no. 11:2644-2652. PNNL-SA-140865. doi:10.1002/elan.201800427
  • Lines A.M., S.A. Bryan, K.M. Denslow, M.S. Fountain, P. Tse, K.D. Boomer, and A.J. Kim, et al. 2018. "On-Line Monitoring and Real-Time Characterization of Low Level Waste and Off-Gas Condensate Samples using Raman Spectroscopy." In Proceedings of the 45th Annual Waste Management Conference, (WM 2019), March 3-7, 2019, Phoenix, AZ, Paper No. 19274. Tempe, Arizona:Waste Management Symposia, Inc. PNNL-SA-139363.
  • Nelson G.L., A.M. Lines, A.J. Casella, J.M. Bello, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "Development and testing of a novel micro-Raman probe and application of calibration transfer method for the quantitative analysis of microfluidic nitric acid streams." Analyst 143, no. 5:1188-1196. PNNL-SA-120604. doi:10.1039/c7an01761h
  • Nelson G.L., S.E. Asmussen, A.M. Lines, A.J. Casella, D.R. Bottenus, S.B. Clark, and S.A. Bryan. 2018. "Micro-Raman technology to interrogate two-phase extraction on a microfluidic device." Analytical Chemistry 90, no. 14:8345-8353. PNNL-SA-129484. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04330
  • Parruzot B., J.V. Ryan, A.M. Lines, S.A. Bryan, J.J. Neeway, S. Chatterjee, and C.D. Lukins, et al. 2018. "Method for the in-situ measurement of pH and alteration extent for aluminoborosilicate glasses using Raman spectroscopy." Analytical Chemistry 90, no. 20:11812-11819. PNNL-SA-130118. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00960

2017

  • Branch S.D., A.M. Lines, J.A. Lynch, J.M. Bello, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2017. "An Optically Transparent Thin-Film Electrode Chip for Spectroelectrochemical Sensing." Analytical Chemistry 89, no. 14:7324-7332. PNNL-SA-121883. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00258
  • Chatterjee S., S.A. Bryan, A.J. Casella, J.M. Peterson, and T.G. Levitskaia. 2017. "Mechanism of Neptunium Redox Reactions in Nitric Acid Solutions." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 4:581-594. PNNL-SA-122161. doi:10.1039/c6qi00550k
  • Heller F.D., A.J. Casella, G.J. Lumetta, K.L. Nash, S.I. Sinkov, and S.A. Bryan. 2017. "Incorporating Spectroscopic On-line Monitoring as a Method of Detection for a Lewis Cell Setup." Analyst 142, no. 13:2426-2433. PNNL-SA-124016. doi:10.1039/C7AN00351J
  • Lines A.M., S.R. Adami, A.J. Casella, S.I. Sinkov, G.J. Lumetta, and S.A. Bryan. 2017. "Electrochemistry and Spectroelectrochemistry of the Pu (III/IV) and (IV/VI) Couples in Nitric Acid Systems." Electroanalysis 29, no. 12:2744-2751. PNNL-SA-127756. doi:10.1002/elan.201700465
  • Lines A.M., S.R. Adami, S.I. Sinkov, G.J. Lumetta, and S.A. Bryan. 2017. "Multivariate analysis for quantification of Plutonium (IV) in nitric acid based on absorption spectra." Analytical Chemistry 89, no. 17:9354-9359. PNNL-SA-126578. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02161
  • Schonewill P.P., R.L. Russell, R.C. Daniel, H.A. Colburn, S.A. Bryan, P.A. Gauglitz, and S.D. Rassat, et al. 2017. "Low Activity Waste Pretreatment System Bench-Scale Testing: Supporting Integrated Testing and Facility Safety Analyses - 17171." In Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Waste Management Conference (WM 2017): Education & Opportunity in Waste Management, March 5-9, 2017, Phoenix, Arizona, 4, 2694-2708. Tempe, Arizona:Waste Management Symposia, Inc. PNNL-SA-123178.
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, T.G. Levitskaia, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2017. "Electrochemistry of Europium(III) Chloride in 3 LiCl - NaCl, 3 LiCl - 2 KCl, LiCl - RbCl, and 3 LiCl - 2 CsCl Eutectics at Various Temperatures." Journal of the Electrochemical Society 164, no. 8:H5345-H5352. PNNL-SA-123713. doi:10.1149/2.0521708jes

2016

  • Casella A.J., A.M. Lines, G.L. Nelson, J.M. Bello, and S.A. Bryan. 2016. "MicroRaman Measurements for Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Applications." Procedia Chemistry 21. PNNL-SA-117014. doi:10.1016/j.proche.2016.10.065
  • Lines A.M., Z. Wang, S.B. Clark, and S.A. Bryan. 2016. "Electrochemistry and Spectroelectrochemistry of Luminescent Europium complexes." Electroanalysis 28, no. 9:2109-2117. PNNL-SA-114011. doi:10.1002/elan.201600034
  • Schroll C.A., A.M. Lines, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2016. "Absorption Spectroscopy for Quantitative Prediction of Lanthanide Concentrations in the 3LiCl - 2CsCl Eutectic at 723 K." Analytical Methods 8, no. 43:7731-7738. PNNL-SA-111769. doi:10.1039/C6AY01520D
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, T.G. Levitskaia, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2016. "Spectroelectrochemistry of EuCl3 in four molten salt eutectics; 3 LiCl - NaCl, 3 LiCl - 2 KCl, LiCl - RbCl, and 3 LiCl - 2 CsCl; at 873 K." Electroanalysis 28, no. 9:2158-2165. PNNL-SA-103679. doi:10.1002/elan.201600048

2015

  • Bryan S.A., A.J. Casella, A.M. Lines, G.L. Nelson, and J.M. Bello. 2015. "Advances in Online Monitoring for Measurement within Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Streams." In Proceedings of Global 2015: Nuclear fuel cycle for a low-carbon future, September 20-24, 2015 - Paris, France, 1024-1029. PNNL-SA-110536.
  • Chatterjee S., A.E. Norton, M.K. Edwards, J.M. Peterson, S.D. Taylor, S.A. Bryan, and A. Andersen, et al. 2015. "Highly Selective Colorimetric and Luminescence Response of a Square-Planar Platinum(II) Terpyridyl Complex to Aqueous TcO4?." Inorganic Chemistry 54, no. 20:9914-9923. PNNL-SA-110957. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01664

2014

  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, and A.J. Casella. 2014. "ON-LINE MONITORING FOR PROCESS CONTROL AND SAFEGUARDING OF RADIOCHEMICAL STREAMS AT SPENT FUEL REPROCESSING PLANTS." In Symposium on International Safeguards: Linking Strategy, Implementation and People, October 20-24, 2014, Vienna, Austria, IAEA-CN--220. Vienna:IAEA. PNNL-SA-105102.
  • Morris L.K., C.J. Seliskar, S.A. Bryan, and W.R. Heineman. 2014. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensors: New Polymer Films for Improved Sensitivity." In Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, and Defence X; and Optical Materials and Biomaterials in Security and Defence Systems Technology XI, September 22, 2014, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Proceedings of the SPIE, edited by D Burgess, et al, 9253, Article No. 925311. Bellingham, Washington:SPIE. PNNL-SA-105075. doi:10.1117/12.2066892

2013

  • Bryan S.A., and T.G. Levitskaia. 2013. "SPECTROSCOPIC ONLINE MONITORING FOR PROCESS CONTROL AND SAFEGUARDING OF RADIOCHEMICAL STREAMS." In International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conference (GLOBAL 2013): Nuclear Energy at a Crossroads, September 29-October 3, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2, 936-943. La Grange Park, Illinois:American Nuclear Society. PNNL-SA-95489.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.J. Casella, and J.M. Peterson. 2013. "Spectroscopic Online Monitoring for Process Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Fuel Reprocessing Streams." In WM Symposia 2013: International Collaboration and Continuous Improvement, February 24 - 28, 2013, Phoenix, Arizona, Paper No. 13553. Tucson, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-91901.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.M. Lines, F.N. Smith, G.B. Josephson, and J.M. Bello. 2013. "Dual-Remote Raman Technology for In-Situ Identification of Tank Waste." In WM Symposia 2013: International Collaboration and Continuous Improvement, February 24-28, 2013, Phoenix, Arizona, Paper No. 13549. Tucson, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-92015.
  • Casella A.J., T.G. Levitskaia, J.M. Peterson, and S.A. Bryan. 2013. "Water O-H Stretching Raman Signature for Strong Acid Monitoring via Multivariate Analysis." Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 8:4120-4128. PNNL-SA-92843. doi:10.1021/ac4001628
  • Chatterjee S., A.S. Del Negro, F.N. Smith, Z. Wang, S.E. Hightower, B.P. Sullivan, and W.R. Heineman, et al. 2013. "Photophysics and Luminescence Spectroelectrochemistry of [Tc(dmpe)3]+/2+ (dmpe = 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane)." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 117, no. 48:12749-12758. PNNL-SA-96822. doi:10.1021/jp406365c
  • Chatterjee S., S.A. Bryan, C.J. Seliskar, and W.R. Heineman. 2013. "Three-Component Spectroelectrochemical Sensor Module for the Detection of Pertechnetate (TcO4-)." Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 32, no. 3:209-224. PNNL-SA-92971. doi:10.1515/revac-2013-0001
  • Gasbarro C., J.M. Bello, S.A. Bryan, A.M. Lines, and T.G. Levitskaia. 2013. "Development of an Integrated Raman and Turbidity Fiber Optic Sensor for the In-Situ Analysis of High Level Nuclear Waste." In WM Symposia 2013: International Collaboration and Continuous Improvement, February 24-28, 2013, Phoenix, Arizona, Paper No. 13532. Tucson, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-92838.
  • Levitskaia T.G., J.M. Peterson, E.L. Campbell, A.J. Casella, D. Peterman, and S.A. Bryan. 2013. "Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis for Online Monitoring of Dibutyl Phosphate Degradation Product in Tributyl Phosphate /n-Dodecane/Nitric Acid Solvent." Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 52, no. 49:17607-17617. PNNL-SA-97842. doi:10.1021/ie402722n
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, T.G. Levitskaia, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2013. "Electrochemistry and Spectroelectrochemistry of Europium(III) chloride in 3 LiCl - 2KCl from 643 to 1123 K." Analytical Chemistry 85, no. 20:9924-9931. PNNL-SA-97152. doi:10.1021/ac402518p

2012

  • Abu E.A., S.A. Bryan, C.J. Seliskar, and W.R. Heineman. 2012. "Assessing a Spectroelectrochemical Sensor's Performance for Detecting [Ru(bpy)3]2+ in Natural and Treated Water." Electroanalysis 24, no. 7:1517-1523. PNNL-SA-89483. doi:10.1002/elan.201200143
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, J.M. Schwantes, C.R. Orton, J.M. Peterson, and A.J. Casella. 2012. "Monitoring, Controlling and Safeguarding Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Facilities, Part 1: Optical Spectroscopic Methods." International Journal on Nuclear Energy Management and Safety 1. PNNL-SA-84474.
  • Heineman W.R., C.J. Seliskar, L.K. Morris, and S.A. Bryan. 2012. "Spectroelectrochemistry as a Strategy for Improving Selectivity of Sensors for Security and Defense Applications." In Optical Materials and Biomaterials in Security and Defence Systems Technology IX, September 24, 2012, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Proceedings of the SPIE, edited by R Zamboni, F Kajzar and AA Szep, 8545, Paper No. 854509. Bellingham, Washington:SPIE. PNNL-SA-90607. doi:10.1117/12.965308
  • Levitskaia T.G., S.A. Bryan, J.A. Creim, T.L. Curry, T. Luders, K.D. Thrall, and J.M. Peterson. 2012. "Optical Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis for Biodosimetry and Monitoring of Radiation Injury to the Skin." Drug Development Research 73, no. 5:252-273. PNNL-SA-87270. doi:10.1002/ddr.21021
  • Lumetta G.J., J.C. Braley, J.M. Peterson, S.A. Bryan, and T.G. Levitskaia. 2012. "Separating and Stabilizing Phosphate from High-Level Radioactive Waste: Process Development and Spectroscopic Monitoring." Environmental Science & Technology 46, no. 11:6190-6197. PNNL-SA-85510. doi:10.1021/es300443a
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2012. "Thin-Layer Spectroelectrochemistry on an Aqueous Micro-drop." Electroanalysis 24, no. 5:1065-1070. PNNL-SA-84538. doi:10.1002/elan.201100711
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2012. "Thin-Layer Spectroelectrochemistry on an Aqueous Microdrop." Electroanalysis 24, no. 5:1065-1070. PNNL-SA-77714. doi:10.1002/elan.201100711
  • Schwantes J.M., S.A. Bryan, C.R. Orton, T.G. Levitskaia, and C.G. Fraga. 2012. "Monitoring, Controlling and Safeguarding Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Facilities with Optical and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods." In 7th Joint INMM/ESARDA Workshop: Future Directions for Nuclear Safeguards and Verification, October 16-20, 2011, Aix en Provence, France. Ispra:European Safeguards Research and Development Association. PNNL-SA-83928.
  • Schwantes J.M., S.A. Bryan, C.R. Orton, T.G. Levitskaia, and C.G. Fraga. 2012. "Monitoring, Controlling and Safeguarding Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Facilities, Part 2: Gamma-Ray Spectroscopic Methods." International Journal on Nuclear Energy Management and Safety 1. PNNL-SA-84821.

2011

  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.J. Casella, J.M. Peterson, A.M. Johnsen, A.M. Lines, and E.M. Thomas. 2011. "Spectroscopic On-Line Monitoring for Process Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Streams in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Facilities." In Advanced Separation Techniques for Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Radioactive Waste Treatment: Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy No. 2, edited by KL Nash and GJ Lumetta. Cambridge:Woodhead Publishing. PNNL-SA-70392.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.J. Casella, J.M. Peterson, A.M. Johnsen, A.M. Lines, and E.M. Thomas. 2011. "Spectroscopic On-Line Monitoring for Process Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Streams in Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Facilities." In Advanced Separation Techniques for Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing and Radioactive Waste Treatment, edited by KL Nash and GJ Lumetta. 95-119. Cambridge:Woodhead Publishing. PNNL-SA-88404.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.J. Casella, J.M. Peterson, A.M. Lines, D.E. Verdugo, and E.A. Jordan. 2011. "SPECTROSCOPIC ON-LINE MONITORING FOR PROCESS CONTROL AND SAFEGUARDING OF RADIOCHEMICAL STREAMS." In ISEC 2011: 19th International Solvent Extraction Conference, October 3-7, 2011, Santiago, Chile, edited by F Valenzuela L. and BA Moyer, 100. Santiago:GECAMIN. PNNL-SA-77238.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.J. Casella, J.M. Peterson, A.M. Lines, E.A. Jordan, and D.E. Verdugo, et al. 2011. "On-Line Monitoring for Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Plant." In Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management, July 17-21, 2011, Palm Desert, California, 3, 2492-2501. Deerfield, Illinois:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. PNNL-SA-80524.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.M. Johnsen, C.R. Orton, and J.M. Peterson. 2011. "Spectroscopic Monitoring of Spent Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Streams: An Evaluation of Spent Fuel Solutions via Raman, Visible, and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." Radiochimica Acta 99, no. 9:563-571. PNNL-SA-75142. doi:10.1524/ract.2011.1865
  • Chatterjee S., A.S. Del Negro, M.K. Edwards, S.A. Bryan, N. Kaval, N. Pantelic, and L.K. Morris, et al. 2011. "Luminescence-Based Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for [Tc(dmpe)3]2+/+ (dmpe = 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane) within a Charge-Selective Polymer Film." Analytical Chemistry 83, no. 5:1766-1722. PNNL-SA-76227. doi:10.1021/ac1030368
  • Chatterjee S., A.S. Del Negro, Z. Wang, M.K. Edwards, F.N. Skomurski, S.E. Hightower, and J.A. Krause, et al. 2011. "Electronic and Molecular Structures of trans-Dioxotechnetium(V) Polypyridyl Complexes in the Solid State." Inorganic Chemistry 50, no. 12:5815-5823. PNNL-SA-77828. doi:10.1021/ic200747v
  • Peterson J.M., T.G. Levitskaia, and S.A. Bryan. 2011. "MONITORING AND MODELLING OF RADIOLYTIC DEGRADATION PRODUCTS OF TBP/n-DODECANE." In 19th International Solvent Extraction Conference, October 3-7, 2011, Santiago, Chile, edited by F Valenzuela L. and BA Moyer, 98. Santiago:GECAMIN. PNNL-SA-77307.
  • Robinson T.A., S.A. Bryan, and T.G. Levitskaia. 2011. "TALSPEAK EXTRACTION SYSTEM UNDER VARIABLE LOADING CONDITIONS - PART 2: SPECIATION STUDIES." In Proceedings of the 19th International Solvent Extraction Conference, October 3-7, 2011, Santiago, Chile, edited by F Valenzuela L. and BA Moyer, Paper No. 97. London:Society of Chemical Industry. PNNL-SA-77271.
  • Schroll C.A., S. Chatterjee, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2011. "Semi-Infinite Linear Diffusion Spectroelectrochemistry on an Aqueous Micro-Drop." Analytical Chemistry 83, no. 11:4214-4219. PNNL-SA-80884.

2010

  • Arrigo L.M., S.A. Bryan, R. Christensen, M. Douglas, D.C. Duckworth, C.G. Fraga, and T.G. Levitskaia, et al. 2010. "Advanced Safeguards Technology Demonstration at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." In Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. Deerfield, Illinois:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. PNNL-SA-66837.
  • Chatterjee S., A.S. Del Negro, M.K. Edwards, B. Twamley, J.A. Krause, and S.A. Bryan. 2010. "trans-K3[TcO2(CN)4]." Acta Crystallographica. Section E: Structure Reports Online 66, no. 8:i61 - i62. PNNL-SA-73941. doi:10.1107/S1600536810028205
  • Orton C.R., S.A. Bryan, J.M. Schwantes, T.G. Levitskaia, C.G. Fraga, and S.M. Peper. 2010. "Advanced Process Monitoring Techniques for Safeguarding Reprocessing Facilities." In Proceedings of the Symposium on International Safeguards: Preparing for Future Verification Challenges, November 1-5, 2010, VIenna, Austria. Vienna:International Atomic Engergy Agency. PNNL-SA-75173.

2009

  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, A.M. Lines, J.M. Billing, A.J. Casella, A.M. Johnsen, and J.M. Peterson, et al. 2009. "ON-LINE MONITORING FOR CONTROL AND SAFEGUARDING OF RADIOCHEMICAL STREAMS AT SPENT FUEL REPROCESSING PLANT." In 2nd Japan-IAEA Workshop on Advanced Safeguards Technology for the Future Nuclear Fuel Cycle, November 10-13, 2009, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan, INIS-XA-1073. Vienna:International Atomic Energy Agency, Department of Safeguards, Division of Technical Support. PNNL-SA-70056.
  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, J.M. Billing, A.J. Casella, A.M. Johnsen, and J.M. Peterson. 2009. "On-Line Monitoring for Control and Safeguarding of Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Plant." In Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. Deerfield, Illinois:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. PNNL-SA-66876.
  • Heineman W.R., C.J. Seliskar, T.S. Pinyayev, R.A. Wilson, L.K. Morris, A.S. Del Negro, and S.A. Bryan. 2009. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensor: Development and Applications." In 215th ECS Meeting: 35 Years of Chemical Sensors - An Honorary Symposium for Professor Jiri Janata's 70th Birthday Celebration, May 24-29, 2009, San Francisco, CA: ECS Transactions, edited by J Li, et al, 19, 129-134. San Francisco, California:ECS-Electrochemical Society. PNNL-SA-65142. doi:10.1149/1.3118545
  • Morris L.K., C.J. Seliskar, W.R. Heineman, A.S. Del Negro, and S.A. Bryan. 2009. "Absorbance-based spectroelectrochemical sensor for [Re(dmpe)3]+ (dmpe = dimethylphosphinoethane)." Electroanalysis 21, no. 19:2091-2098. PNNL-SA-66257. doi:10.1002/elan.200904651

2008

  • Bryan S.A., T.G. Levitskaia, and S.N. Schlahta. 2008. "Raman Based Process Monitor For Continuous Real-Time Analysis Of High Level Radioactive Waste Components." In Waste Management 2008 Conference (WM2008): Phoenix Rising: Moving Forward in Waste Management, February 24-29, 2008, Phoenix, AZ, Paper No. 8263. Tucson, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-58302.
  • Levitskaia T.G., and S.A. Bryan. 2008. "On-Line Monitoring and Control of Radiochemical Streams at Spent Fuel Reprocessing Plant." In ATALANTE 2008 Nuclear Fuel Cycles for a Sustainable Future. Cedex:Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique. PNNL-SA-59539.
  • Orton C.R., J.M. Schwantes, S.A. Bryan, T.G. Levitskaia, D.C. Duckworth, M. Douglas, and O.T. Farmer, et al. 2008. "Advanced Safeguards Technology Demonstration at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory." In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management, July 13-17, 2008, Nashville, TN. Deerfield, Illinois:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. PNNL-SA-61320.

2007

  • Bryan S.A., and T.G. Levitskaia. 2007. "MONITORING AND CONTROL OF UREX RADIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES." In Global 2007: Advanced Nuclear FUel Cycles and Systems, September 9-13, 2007, Boise, ID, 176-179. La Grange Park, Illinois:American Nuclear Society. PNNL-SA-56050.
  • Levitskaia T.G., S.I. Sinkov, and S.A. Bryan. 2007. "In Situ Perchlorate Determination on Purolite A850 Ion Exchange Resin via Raman Spectroscopy." Vibrational Spectroscopy 44, no. 2:316-323. PNNL-SA-50922.

2006

  • Bryan S.A., A.S. Del Negro, Z. Wang, T.L. Hubler, W.R. Heineman, C.J. Seliskar, and B.P. Sullivan. 2006. "Characterization of trans-dioxotechnetium(V) and technetium(II)phosphine excited states and spectroelectrochemical detection of pertechnetate." In 61st Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, June 25-29, 2006, Reno, NV. Washington Dc:American Chemical Society. PNNL-SA-50359.
  • Del Negro A.S., C.J. Seliskar, W.R. Heineman, S.E. Hightower, S.A. Bryan, and B.P. Sullivan. 2006. "Highly Oxidizing Excited States of Re and Tc Complexes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 128, no. 51:16494-16495. PNNL-SA-51880. doi:10.1021/ja067114g

2005

  • Del Negro A.S., Z. Wang, C.J. Seliskar, W.R. Heineman, B.P. Sullivan, S.E. Hightower, and T.L. Hubler, et al. 2005. "Luminescence from the trans-Dioxotechnetium(V) Chromophore." Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, no. 43:14978-14979. PNNL-SA-45787.
  • Monk D.J., M.L. Stegemiller, S. Conklin, J.R. Paddock, W.R. Heineman, C.J. Seliskar, and T.H. Ridgway, et al. 2005. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Technetium: Preconcentration and Quantification of Technetium in Polymer Modified Electrodes." In ACS Symposium Series. Subsurface Contamination Remediation: Accomplishments of the Environmental Management Science Program, edited by E Berkey and T Zachry. 306-321. Washington Dc:American Chemical Society. PNNL-SA-38080.
  • Monk D.J., M.L. Stegemiller, S.D. Conklin, J.R. Paddock, W.R. Heineman, C.J. Seliskar, and T.H. Ridgway, et al. 2005. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Technetium: Preconcentration and Quantification of Pertechnetate in Polymer-Modified Electrodes." In Subsurface Contamination Remediation: Accomplishments of the Environmental Management Science Program, ACS Symposium Series, edited by Edgar Berkey and Tiffany Zachry. 306-321. Washington, District Of Columbia:American Chemical Society. PNNL-SA-45415.

2004

  • Monk D.J., M.L. Stegemiller, S. Conklin, J.R. Paddock, W.R. Heineman, C.J. Seliskar, and T.H. Ridgway, et al. 2004. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Technetium: Preconcentration and Quantification of Pertechnetate in Polymer-Modified Electrodes." In 225th American Chemical Society National Meeting Subsurface Contamination Remediation: Accomplishments of the Environmental Management Science Program, March 23-27, 2003, New Orleans, Louisiana. ACS Symposium Series, edited by E Berkey and T Zachry, 904, 306-321. Washington Dc:American Chemical Society. PNNL-SA-42456.
  • Zudans I., J.R. Paddock, H. Kuramitz, A.T. Maghasi, C.M. Wansapura, S.D. Conklin, and N. Kaval, et al. 2004. "Electrochemical and Optical Evaluation of Noble Metal-and Carbon-ITO Hybrid Optically Transparent Electrodes." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 565, no. 2:311-320. PNNL-SA-41196.

2003

  • Stegemiller M.L., W.R. Heineman, C.J. Seliskar, T.H. Ridgeway, S.A. Bryan, T.L. Hubler, and R.L. Sell. 2003. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensing Based on Multimode Selectivity Simultaneously Achievable in a Single Device. 11. Design and Evaluation of a Small Portable Sensor for the Determination of Ferrocyanide in Hanford Waste Samples." Environmental Science & Technology 37. PNNL-SA-40180.

2002

  • Maizels M., C.J. Seliskar, W.R. Heineman, and S.A. Bryan. 2002. "Spectroelectrochemical Sensing Based on Multimode Selectivity Simultaneously Achievable in a Single Device 10. Sensing of Ferrocyanide in Hanford Waste Simulant Solution." Electroanalysis 14, no. 19-20:1345-1352. PNNL-SA-40179. doi:10.1002/1521-4109(200211)14:19/20%3C1345::AID-ELAN1345%3E3.0.CO%3B2-E

2001

  • Maizels M., M. Stegemiller, S. Ross, A. Slaterbeck, Y.N. Shi, T.H. Ridgway, and T.H. Ridgway, et al. 2001. "Novel Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Ferrocyanide in Hanford Waste Simulant." In Nuclear Site Remediation - First Accomplishments of the Environmental Management Science Program, ACS Symposium Series 778, edited by Heineman, W. R.and Eller, P. G. 364-378. Washington, Dc:American Chemical Society. PNWD-SA-6636.

2000

  • Bryan S.A., L.R. Pederson, and C.M. King. 2000. "Thermal and Radiolytic Gas Generation in Hanford High-Level Waste." In WM'00 Conference, February 27 - March 2, 2000, Tucson, AZ. Tucson, Arizona:WM Symposia. PNNL-SA-32667.
  • Delegard C.H., S.A. Bryan, A.J. Schmidt, P.R. Bredt, C.M. King, R.L. Sell, and L.L. Burger, et al. 2000. Gas Generation from K East Basin Sludges - Series I Testing. PNNL-13320. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Gas Generation from K East Basin Sludges - Series I Testing
  • Mahoney L.A., J.L. Huckaby, S.A. Bryan, and G.D. Johnson. 2000. Overview of the Flammability of Gases Generated in Hanford Waste Tanks. PNNL-13269. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Overview of the Flammability of Gases Generated in Hanford Waste Tanks

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