Xiaolin Li

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
Richland, WA 99352
(509) 372-6217
Send Email

Biography

Dr. Xiaolin Li currently is a scientist in the group of Electrochemical Materials and Systems in Energy Processes and Materials Division. He joined Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in December 2009. Before that, he conducted his postdoctoral research on carbon nanotubes and graphene with Prof. Hongjie Dai, NAS fellow, at Stanford University. Dr. Li has extensive experience with carbon nanotubes, graphene, and is an expert in designing nanostructured functional materials for various applications. He has authored/co-authored more than 80 papers including Science, Nature Nanotechnology, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Energy Environmental Science, Nature Communications, and Advanced Materials, to name a few. According to Google Scholar, he has a total citation of more than 20,000 times.

Research Interests

Design and synthesis of nanostructured functional materials
Carbon materials (e.g. carbon nanotubes and graphene)
Battery materials and renewable energy
Lithium-ion battery and beyond
New reaction chemistry/electrochemistry

Education and Credentials

Ph.D. in Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
B.S. in Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Affiliations and Professional Service

Member of American Chemical Society (ACS), Materials Research Society (MRS), and Electrochemical Society (ECS)
Editorial board member of ACS Energy Letters (2017-2019)
Guest editor of Nano Research and Advanced Energy Materials
Reviewer for Nature Communications, Nano Letters, ACS Nano, Chemistry of Materials, Nano Energy, Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, Energy & Environmental Science, Chemical Communications, Journal of Materials Chemistry, Electrochemistry Communications, and Journal of the Electrochemical Society, etc.
Organizers for ACS and MRS symposia

Awards and Recognitions

PNNL award for outstanding performance 2012
R&D 100 Award for Graphene Nanostructures for Lithium Batteries (Materials Sciences), 2012
National Natural Science Award for Functional Nanomaterials: Rational Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Their Applications, 2nd Prize (1st Prize was vacant), National Council, China, 2008
National Top 100 Excellent PhD Thesis Award, Ministry of Education, China, 2008
Winner of “Hangtian Haiying Cup” for the best PhD student, Tsinghua University, 2005

PNNL Patents

U.S. Patent No. 11,664,536, May 30, 2023, "ELECTROLYTES FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES WITH CARBON AND/OR SILICON ANODES (iEdison No. 0685901-20-0027)".
U.S. Patent No. 11,127,980, September 21, 2021, "LOCALIZED SUPERCONCENTRATED ELECTROLYTES FOR SILICON ANODES".
U.S. Patent No. 10,693,183, June 23, 2020, "ETHER-BASED ELECTROLYTE FOR NA-ION BATTERY ANODE ".
U.S. Patent No. 10,246,337, April 2, 2019, "SAFE AND LOW TEMPERATURE THERMITE REACTION SYSTEMS AND METHOD TO FORM POROUS SILICON ".
U.S. Patent No. 8,999,574, April 7, 2015, "GRAPHENE-SULFUR NANOCOMPOSITES FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERY ELECTRODES".
U.S. Patent No. 8,758,947, June 24, 2014, "Graphene-Based Battery Electrodes Having Continuous Flow Paths".
U.S. Patent No. 8,753,772, June 17, 2014, "Graphene-Sulfur Nanocomposites for Rechargeable Lithium-Sulfur Battery Electrodes".

PNNL Publications

2023

Anh Thieu N., W. Li, X. Chen, Q. Li, Q. Wang, M. Velayutham, and Z. Grady, et al. 2023. "Synergistically Stabilizing Zinc Anodes by Molybdenum Dioxide Coating and Tween 80 Electrolyte Additive for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 15, no. 48:55570-55586. PNNL-SA-192481. doi:10.1021/acsami.3c08474
Anh Thieu N., W. Li, X. Chen, S. Hu, H. Tian, H. Ngoc Ngan Tran, and W. Li, et al. 2023. "An Overview of Challenges and Strategies for Stabilizing Zinc Anodes in Aqueous Rechargeable Zn-Ion Batteries." Batteries 9, no. 1:Art. No. 41. PNNL-SA-181059. doi:10.3390/batteries9010041
Chen X., W. Li, D.M. Reed, X. Li, and X. Liu. 2023. "On Energy Storage Chemistry of Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries: From Cathode to Anode." Electrochemical Energy Reviews 6. PNNL-SA-190722. doi:10.1007/s41918-023-00194-6
Jhang L., D. Wang, A. Silver, X. Li, D.M. Reed, and D. Wang. 2023. "Stable All-Solid-State Sodium-Sulfur Batteries for Low-Temperature Operation Enabled by Sodium Alloy Anode and Confined Sulfur Cathode." Nano Energy 105. PNNL-SA-179672. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107995
Lucero M., D.B. Armitage, X. Yang, S.K. Sandstrom, M. Lyons, R.C. Davis, and G.E. Sterbinsky, et al. 2023. "Ball-milling Enabled Fe2.4+ to Fe3+ Redox Reaction in Prussian Blue Materials for Long-life Aqueous Sodium-ion Batteries." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 15, no. 30:36366-36372. PNNL-SA-184322. doi:10.1021/acsami.3c07304
Omenya F.O., M.D. Paiss, X. Li, and D.M. Reed. 2023. "Energy and Power Evolution Over the Lifetime of a Battery." ACS Energy Letters 8, no. 6:2707-2710. PNNL-SA-183422. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00660

2022

Fayette M.R., H. Chang, X. Li, and D.M. Reed. 2022. "High Performance InZn Alloy Anodes Towards Practical Aqueous Zinc Batteries." ACS Energy Letters 7. PNNL-SA-170149. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.2c00843
Li Z., C. Stetson, S. Frisco, S. Harvey, Z. Huey, G. Teeter, and C. Engtrakul, et al. 2022. "The Role of Oxygen in Lithiation and Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation Processes in Silicon-Based Anodes." Journal of the Electrochemical Society 169, no. 12:Art. No. 120512. PNNL-SA-180261. doi:10.1149/1945-7111/aca833
Omenya F.O., B. Xiao, D.M. Reed, and X. Li. 2022. "Sodium-ion Battery." In Encyclopedia of Energy Storage, edited by L.F. Cabeza. 191-206. Amsterdam:Elsevier. PNNL-SA-154462. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-819723-3.00032-9

2021

Chang H., I.A. Rodriguez Perez, M.R. Fayette, N.L. Canfield, H. Pan, D. Choi, and X. Li, et al. 2021. "Effects of Water-Based Binders on Electrochemical Performance of Manganese Dioxide Cathode in Mild Aqueous Zinc Batteries." Carbon Energy 3, no. 3:473-481. PNNL-SA-154267. doi:10.1002/cey2.84
Liu X., B. Xiao, A. Daali, X. Zhou, Z. Yu, X. Li, and Y. Liu, et al. 2021. "Stress- and interface-compatible red phosphorus anode for high-energy and durable sodium-ion batteries." ACS Energy Letters 6, no. 2:547-556. PNNL-SA-158864. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02650
Rodriguez Perez I.A., H. Chang, M.R. Fayette, B. Modachur Sivakumar, D. Choi, X. Li, and D.M. Reed. 2021. "Mechanistic Investigation of Redox Processes in Zn-MnO2 battery in Mild Aqueous Electrolytes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 36:20766-20775. PNNL-SA-163119. doi:10.1039/D1TA05022B
Xiao B., F.O. Omenya, D.M. Reed, and X. Li. 2021. "A Glance of the Layered Transition Metal Oxide Cathodes in Sodium and Lithium-ion Batteries: Difference and Similarities." Nanotechnology 32, no. 42:422501. PNNL-SA-158844. doi:10.1088/1361-6528/ac12eb
Xiao B., X. Liu, M. Song, X. Yang, F.O. Omenya, S. Feng, and V.L. Sprenkle, et al. 2021. "A General Strategy for Batch Development of High-Performance and Cost-Effective Sodium Layered Cathodes." Nano Energy 89, no. Part A:106371. PNNL-SA-159970. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106371
Xiao B., Y. Wang, S. Tan, M. Song, X. Li, Y. Zhang, and F. Lin, et al. 2021. "Vacancy-Enabled O3 Phase Stabilization for Manganese-rich Layered Sodium Cathodes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 60, no. 15:8258-8267. PNNL-SA-158592. doi:10.1002/ange.202016334
Zhang J., Q. Li, X. Li, W. Xu, and R. Yi. 2021. Silicon-Based Anodes for Long-Cycle-Life Lithium-ion Batteries. PNNL-31881. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Silicon-Based Anodes for Long-Cycle-Life Lithium-ion Batteries

2020

Fayette M.R., H. Chang, I.A. Rodriguez Perez, X. Li, and D.M. Reed. 2020. "Electrodeposited Zinc-based Films as Anodes for Aqueous Zinc Batteries." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 38:42763-42772. PNNL-SA-153746. doi:10.1021/acsami.0c10956
Jia H., P. Gao, L. Zou, K. Han, M.H. Engelhard, Y. He, and X. Zhang, et al. 2020. "Controlling Ion Coordination Structure and Diffusion Kinetics for Optimized Electrode-Electrolyte Interphases and High Performance Si Anodes." Chemistry of Materials 32, no. 20:8956-8964. PNNL-SA-153813. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02954
Jia H., X. Li, J. Song, X. Zhang, L. Luo, Y. He, and B. Li, et al. 2020. "Hierarchical Porous Silicon Structures with Extraordinary Mechanical Strength as High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes." Nature Communications 11, no. 1:Article No. 1474. PNNL-SA-140627. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15217-9
Rodriguez Perez I.A., L. Zhang, J. Wrogemann, D.M. Driscoll, M.L. Sushko, K. Han, and J.L. Fulton, et al. 2020. "Enabling Natural Graphite in High-Voltage Aqueous Graphite || Zn Metal Dual-Ion Batteries." Advanced Energy Materials 10, no. 41:2001256. PNNL-SA-150985. doi:10.1002/aenm.202001256
Song J., K. Wang, J. Zheng, M.H. Engelhard, B. Xiao, E. Hu, and Z. Zhu, et al. 2020. "Controlling Surface Phase Transition and Chemical Reactivity of O3-Layered Metal Oxide Cathodes for High-Performance Na-ion Batteries." ACS Energy Letters 5, no. 6:1718-1725. PNNL-SA-141318. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00700
Zhang Q., C. Zhang, L. Cui, T. Jian, Y. Chen, X. Li, and C. Chen, et al. 2020. "Sequence-defined Peptoids with -OH and -COOH Groups as Binders to Reduce Cracks of Si Nanoparticles of Lithium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Science 7, no. 18:2000749. PNNL-SA-153025. doi:10.1002/advs.202000749
Zou L., Y. He, Z. Liu, H. Jia, J. Zhu, J. Zheng, and G. Wang, et al. 2020. "Unlocking the passivation nature of the cathode-air interfacial reaction in lithium ion batteries." Nature Communications 11, no. 2020:3204. PNNL-SA-152810. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17050-6

2019

He Y., X. Ren, Y. Xu, M.H. Engelhard, X. Li, J. Xiao, and J. Liu, et al. 2019. "Origin of Lithium Whisker Formation and Growth under Stress." Nature Nanotechnology 14, no. 11:1042-1047. PNNL-SA-144887. doi:10.1038/s41565-019-0558-z
Jia H., L. Zou, P. Gao, X. Cao, W. Zhao, Y. He, and M.H. Engelhard, et al. 2019. "High-performance silicon anodes enabled by nonflammable localized high-concentration electrolytes." Advanced Energy Materials 9, no. 31:Article No. 1900784. PNNL-SA-141600. doi:10.1002/aenm.201900784
Pan H., J.F. Ellis, X. Li, Z. Nie, H. Chang, and D. Reed. 2019. "Electrolyte Effect on the Electrochemical Performance of Mild Aqueous Zinc-Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide Batteries." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11, no. 2019:37524-37530. PNNL-SA-143553. doi:10.1021/acsami.9b09252
Peng Z., J. Song, L. Huai, H. Jia, B. Xiao, L. Zou, and G. Zhu, et al. 2019. "Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase." Advanced Energy Materials 9, no. 42:1901764. PNNL-SA-144016. doi:10.1002/aenm.201901764
Ren P., M. Song, J. Lee, J. Zheng, Z. Lu, M.H. Engelhard, and X. Yang, et al. 2019. "Edge Dislocations Induce Improved Photocatalytic Efficiency of Colored TiO2." Advanced Materials Interfaces 6, no. 17:Article Number 1901121. PNNL-SA-145888. doi:10.1002/admi.201901121
Song J., D. Xiao, H. Jia, G. Zhu, M.H. Engelhard, B. Xiao, and S. Feng, et al. 2019. "A Comparative Study of Pomegranate Sb@C Yolk-Shell Microspheres as Li and Na-Ion Battery Anodes." Nanoscale 11, no. 1:348-355. PNNL-SA-139714. doi:10.1039/c8nr08461k
Xiao B., K. Wang, G. Xu, J. Song, Z. Chen, K. Amine, and D.M. Reed, et al. 2019. "Revealing the Atomic Origin of Heterogeneous Li-Ion Diffusion by Probing Na." Advanced Materials 31, no. 29:Article number 1805889. PNNL-SA-137695. doi:10.1002/adma.201805889
Xiao B., T. Rojo, and X. Li. 2019. "Hard Carbon as Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes: Progress and Challenges." ChemSusChem 12, no. 1:133-144. PNNL-SA-137454. doi:10.1002/cssc.201801879

2018

Fu S., J. Song, C. Zhu, G.H. Xu, K. Amine, C. Sun, and X. Li, et al. 2018. "Ultrafine and Highly Disordered Ni2Fe1 Nanofoams Enabled Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Electrolyte." Nano Energy 44. PNNL-SA-126521. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.12.010
Jia H., J. Zheng, J. Song, L. Luo, R. Yi, L. Estevez, and W. Zhao, et al. 2018. "A novel Approach to Synthesize Micrometer-Sized Porous Silicon as a High Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Nano Energy 50. PNNL-SA-131369. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.05.048
Mishra K., J. Zheng, R.L. Patel, L. Estevez, H. Jia, L. Luo, and P.Z. El-Khoury, et al. 2018. "High Performance Porous Si@C Anodes Synthesized by Low Temperature Aluminothermic Reaction." Electrochimica Acta 269. PNNL-SA-130364. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.166
Saurel D., B. Orayech, B. Xiao, D. Carriazo, X. Li, and T. Rojo. 2018. "From charge storage mechanism to performance: A roadmap toward high specific energy sodium-ion batteries through carbon-anode optimization." Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 17:Article Number 1703268. PNNL-SA-130836. doi:10.1002/aenm.201703268
Song J., B. Xiao, Y. Lin, K. Xu, and X. Li. 2018. "Interphases in Sodium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Energy Materials 8, no. 17:Article Number 1703082. PNNL-SA-130469. doi:10.1002/aenm.201703082
Yu Z., S. Shang, Y. Gao, D. Wang, X. Li, Z. Liu, and D. Wang. 2018. "A quaternary sodium superionic conductor - Na10.8Sn1.9PS11.8." Nano Energy 47. PNNL-SA-136565. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.01.046

2017

Fu S., C. Zhu, J. Song, M.H. Engelhard, X. Li, P. Zhang, and H. Xia, et al. 2017. "Template-Directed Synthesis of Nitrogen- and Sulfur- Codoped Carbon Nanowires Aerogels with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance for Oxygen Reduction." Nano Research 10, no. 6:1888-1895. PNNL-SA-123461. doi:10.1007/s12274-016-1371-8
Liu B., W. Xu, J. Zheng, P. Yan, E.D. Walter, N.G. Isern, and M.E. Bowden, et al. 2017. "Temperature dependence of the oxygen reduction mechanism in nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries." ACS Energy Letters 2. PNNL-SA-126517. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00845
Song J., P. Yan, L. Luo, X. Qi, X. Rong, J. Zheng, and B. Xiao, et al. 2017. "Yolk-Shell Structured Sb@C Anodes for High Energy Na-ion Batteries." Nano Letters 40. PNNL-SA-127468. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.08.051
Soto F.A., P. Yan, M.H. Engelhard, A. Marzouk, C. Wang, G. Xu, and Z. Chen, et al. 2017. "Tuning the Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Selective Li- and Na-Ion Storage in Hard Carbon." Advanced Materials 29, no. 18:Article No. 1606860. PNNL-SA-121033. doi:10.1002/adma.201606860
Zhu C., S. Fu, B. Xu, J. Song, Q. Shi, M.H. Engelhard, and X. Li, et al. 2017. "Sugar Blowing-induced Porous Cobalt Phosphide/nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanostructures With Enhanced Electrochemical Oxidation Performance Towards Water And Other Small Molecules." Small 13, no. 33:Article No. 1700796. PNNL-SA-123210. doi:10.1002/smll.201700796
Zhu C., S. Fu, J. Song, Q. Shi, D. Su, M.H. Engelhard, and X. Li, et al. 2017. "Self-Assembled Fe-N-Doped Carbon Nanotube Aerogels with Single-Atom Catalysis Feature as Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts." Small 13, no. 15:Article No. 1603407. PNNL-SA-119038. doi:10.1002/smll.201603407

2016

Cao R., K. Mushra, X. Li, J. Qian, M.H. Engelhard, M.E. Bowden, and K. Han, et al. 2016. "Enabling room temperature sodium metal batteries." Nano Energy 30. PNNL-SA-118713. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.09.013
Choi D., X. Li, W.A. Henderson, Q. Huang, S.K. Nune, J.P. Lemmon, and V.L. Sprenkle. 2016. "LiCoPO4 Cathode from a CoHPO4xH2O Nanoplate Precursor for High Voltage Li-ion Batteries." Heliyon 2, no. 2. PNNL-SA-112654. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00081
Fu S., C. Zhu, J. Song, M.H. Engelhard, X. Li, D. Du, and Y. Lin. 2016. "Highly Ordered Mesoporous Bimetallic Phosphides as Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts." ACS Energy Letters 4, no. 1:792-796. PNNL-SA-120970. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00408
Jeong S., X. Li, J. Zheng, P. Yan, R. Cao, H. Jung, and C.M. Wang, et al. 2016. "Hard carbon coated nano-Si/graphite composite as a high performance anode for Li-ion batteries." Journal of Power Sources 329. PNNL-SA-116194. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.089
Li X., P. Yan, M.H. Engelhard, A.J. Crawford, V.V. Viswanathan, C.M. Wang, and J. Liu, et al. 2016. "The Importance of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation for Long Cycle Stability Full-Cell Na-Ion Batteries." Nano Energy 27. PNNL-SA-115949. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.07.030
Pan H., Y. Shao, P. Yan, Y. Cheng, K. Han, Z. Nie, and C.M. Wang, et al. 2016. "Reversible aqueous zinc/manganese oxide energy storage from conversion reactions." Nature Energy 1, no. 5:Article No. 16039. PNNL-SA-111263. doi:10.1038/nenergy.2016.39
Shen F., W. Luo, J. Dai, Y. Yao, M. Zhu, E. Hitz, and Y. Tang, et al. 2016. "Ultra-thick, Low-Tortuosity, and Mesoporous Wood Carbon Anode for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries." Advanced Energy Materials 6, no. 14:Article No. 1600377. PNNL-SA-115345. doi:10.1002/aenm.201600377

2014

Chen X., X. Li, D. Mei, J. Feng, M.Y. Hu, J.Z. Hu, and M.H. Engelhard, et al. 2014. "Reduction Mechanism of Fluoroethylene Carbonate for Stable Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Film on Silicon Anode." ChemSusChem 7, no. 2:549-554. PNNL-SA-97198. doi:10.1002/cssc.201300770
Huang C., J. Xiao, Y. Shao, J. Zheng, W.D. Bennett, D. Lu, and L.V. Saraf, et al. 2014. "Manipulating the Surface Reactions in Lithium Sulfur Batteries Using Hybrid Anode Structures." Nature Communications 5. PNNL-SA-96417. doi:10.1038/ncomms4015
Ji L., M. Gu, Y. Shao, X. Li, M.H. Engelhard, B.W. Arey, and W. Wang, et al. 2014. "Controlling SEI Formation on SnSb-Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Improved Na Ion Storage." Advanced Materials 26, no. 18:2901-2908. PNNL-SA-98915. doi:10.1002/adma.201304962
Li X., M. Gu, S.Y. Hu, R. Kennard, P. Yan, X. Chen, and C.M. Wang, et al. 2014. "Mesoporous Silicon Sponge as an Anti-Pulverization Structure for High-Performance Lithium-ion Battery Anodes." Nature Communications 5. PNNL-SA-99356. doi:10.1038/ncomms5105
Shao Y., M. Gu, X. Li, Z. Nie, P. Zuo, G. Li, and T.L. Liu, et al. 2014. "Highly Reversible Mg Insertion in Nanostructured Bi for Mg Ion Batteries." Nano Letters 14, no. 1:255-260. PNNL-SA-98801. doi:10.1021/nl403874y
Song J., Z. Yu, M. Gordin, S. Hu, R. Yi, D. Tang, and T. Walter, et al. 2014. "Chemically Bonded Phosphorus/Graphene Hybrid as a High Performance Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries." Nano Letters 14, no. 11:6329-6335. PNNL-SA-109555. doi:10.1021/nl502759z
Zhou J., Y. Hu, X. Li, C.M. Wang, and L. Zuin. 2014. "Chemical Bonding In Amorphous Si Coated-carbon Nanotube As Anodes For Li ion Batteries: A XANES Study." RSC Advances 4, no. 39:20226-20229. PNNL-SA-101008. doi:10.1039/c4ra01332h

2013

Chen B., W.N. Qi, X. Li, C. Lei, and J. Liu. 2013. "Heated Proteins are Still Active in a Functionalized Nanoporous Support." Small 9, no. 13:2228-2232. PNNL-SA-89038. doi:10.1002/smll.201202409
Lei C., B. Chen, X. Li, W.N. Qi, and J. Liu. 2013. "Non-destructively shattered mesoporous silica for protein drug delivery." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 175. PNNL-SA-91369. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2013.03.022
Li B., M. Gu, Z. Nie, Y. Shao, Q. Luo, X. Wei, and X. Li, et al. 2013. "Bismuth Nanoparticle Decorating Graphite Felt as a High-Performance Electrode for an All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery." Nano Letters 13, no. 3:1330-1335. PNNL-SA-92494. doi:10.1021/nl400223v
Liu J., J. Zhang, Z. Yang, J.P. Lemmon, C.H. Imhoff, G.L. Graff, and L. Li, et al. 2013. "Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid." Advanced Functional Materials 23, no. 8:929-946. PNNL-SA-87308. doi:10.1002/adfm.201200690
Xiao J., J. Zheng, X. Li, Y. Shao, and J. Zhang. 2013. "Hierarchically Structured Materials for Lithium Batteries." Nanotechnology 24, no. 42:Article No. 424004. PNNL-SA-95453. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/24/42/424004
Zhan H., J. Xiao, Z. Nie, X. Li, C.M. Wang, J. Zhang, and J. Liu. 2013. "Nanostructured materials for rechargeable batteries: synthesis, fundamental understanding and limitations." Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 2, no. 2:151-159. PNNL-SA-92437. doi:10.1016/j.coche.2013.03.007

2012

Chen X., X. Li, F. Ding, W. Xu, J. Xiao, Y. Cao, and P. Meduri, et al. 2012. "Conductive Rigid Skeleton Supported Silicon as High-Performance Li-Ion Battery Anodes." Nano Letters 12, no. 8:4124-4130. PNNL-SA-87678. doi:10.1021/nl301657y
Ding F., W. Xu, D. Choi, W. Wang, X. Li, M.H. Engelhard, and X. Chen, et al. 2012. "Enhanced performance of graphite anode materials by AlF3 coating for lithium-ion batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, no. 25:12745-12751. PNNL-SA-85418. doi:10.1039/c2jm31015e
Gu M., Y. Li, X. Li, S.Y. Hu, X. Zhang, W. Xu, and S. Thevuthasan, et al. 2012. "In-Situ TEM Study Of Lithiation Behavior Of Silicon Nanoparticles Attached To And Embedded In A Carbon Matrix." ACS Nano 6, no. 9:8439-8447. PNNL-SA-89376. doi:10.1021/nn303312m
Li J., K. Zhu, J. Shang, D. Wang, Z. Nie, R. Guo, and C. Liu, et al. 2012. "Fluorescent Functionalized Mesoporous Silica for Radioactive Material Extraction." Separation Science and Technology 47, no. 10:1507-1513. PNNL-SA-84808.
Li X., P. Meduri, X. Chen, W.N. Qi, M.H. Engelhard, W. Xu, and F. Ding, et al. 2012. "Hollow Core-Shell Structured Porous Si-C Nanocomposites for Li-Ion Battery Anodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, no. 22:11014-11017. PNNL-SA-85843. doi:10.1039/C2JM31286G
Li X., W.N. Qi, D. Mei, M.L. Sushko, I.A. Aksay, and J. Liu. 2012. "Functionalized Graphene Sheets as Molecular Templates for Controlled Nucleation and Self-Assembly of Metal Oxide-Graphene Nanocomposites." Advanced Materials 24, no. 37:5136-5141. PNNL-SA-85708. doi:10.1002/adma.201202189
Wang C.M., X. Li, Z. Wang, W. Xu, J. Liu, F. Gao, and L. Kovarik, et al. 2012. "In Situ TEM Investigation of Congruent Phase Transition and Structural Evolution of Nanostructured Silicon/Carbon Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries." Nano Letters 12, no. 3:1624-1632. PNNL-SA-84904. doi:10.1021/nl204559u
Wen Q., X. Li, B. Chen, P. Yao, C. Lei, and J. Liu. 2012. "Intramesoporous Silica Structure Differentiating Protein Loading Density." Materials Letters 75. PNNL-SA-81847. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2012.01.128
Yu Y., B. Chen, W.N. Qi, X. Li, Y. Shin, C. Lei, and J. Liu. 2012. "Enzymatic Conversion of CO2 to Bicarbonate in Functionalized Mesoporous Silica." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 153. PNNL-SA-73485. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2011.12.005
Zhang J., W. Wang, J. Xiao, W. Xu, G.L. Graff, Z. Yang, and D. Choi, et al. 2012. "Silicon Based Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. New York, New York:Springer. PNNL-SA-75702.

2011

Cao Y., X. Li, I.A. Aksay, J.P. Lemmon, Z. Nie, Z. Yang, and J. Liu. 2011. "Sandwich-Type Functionalized Graphene Sheet-Sulfur Nanocomposite for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP 13, no. 17:7660-7665. PNNL-SA-75759. doi:10.1039/C0CP02477E
Li X., Y. Cao, W.N. Qi, L.V. Saraf, J. Xiao, Z. Nie, and J. Mietek, et al. 2011. "Optimization of mesoporous carbon structures for lithium-sulfur battery applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry 21, no. 41:16603-16610. PNNL-SA-80584. doi:10.1039/C1JM12979A
Xiao J., D. Mei, X. Li, W. Xu, D. Wang, G.L. Graff, and W.D. Bennett, et al. 2011. "Hierarchically Porous Graphene as a Lithium-Air Battery Electrode." Nano Letters 11, no. 11:5071-5078. PNNL-SA-77006. doi:10.1021/nl203332e

2010

Li J., J. Liu, D. Wang, R. Guo, X. Li, and W.N. Qi. 2010. "Interfacially Controlled Synthesis of Hollow Mesoporous Silica Spheres with Radially Oriented Pore Structures." Langmuir 26, no. 14:12267-12272. PNNL-SA-73015. doi:10.1021/la101225j
Xiao J., W. Xu, D. Wang, D. Choi, W. Wang, X. Li, and G.L. Graff, et al. 2010. "Stabilization of Silicon Anode for Li-Ion Batteries." Journal of the Electrochemical Society 157, no. 10:A1047-A1051. PNNL-SA-72047. doi:10.1149/1.3464767